![]() ![]() The vehicle's operator is required to regularly switch attention among the various components of the task (such as steering and checking mirrors,) and switching intentionally is a controlled process. One example of a controlled process is voluntary task switching while driving a car. This is especially critical when situations require responses for which automatic processes have not been developed (due to, for example, complexity or novelty.) These limitations are balanced out by the benefits of being able to easily design, alter, and perform procedures in novel situations. Being tightly capacity limited, controlled processing imposes considerable limitations on speed and the ability to multitask. Due to the overt attention demanded, this type of process can often be interrupted to perform other tasks.Ĭontrolled processes are thought to be slower, since by definition they require effortful control therefore, they generally cannot be conducted simultaneously with other controlled processes without task-switching or impaired performance. In essence, humans are thought to have a limited capacity for overtly controlling behavior, but they must use such control when dealing with novel situations for which they haven’t learned an automatic process. ![]() In other words, when active attention is required for a task (such as reading this article,) the cognitive process directing that performance is said to be “controlled". ![]() One definition of a controlled process is an intentionally-initiated sequence of cognitive activities.
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